Two thousand years ago the Roman
historian Livy, surveying the wreckage of the Roman Republic, invited
his reader to contemplate the “life and manners” of his ancestors that
led to their dominance, and “then, as discipline gradually declined, let
him follow in his thoughts their morals, at first as slightly giving
way, next how they sunk more and more, then began to fall headlong,
until he reaches the present times, when we can neither endure our
vices, nor their remedies.” Livy specifically linked this decline to the
vast increase of wealth that followed the success of Rome, and that
“introduced avarice, and a longing for excessive pleasures, amidst
luxury and a passion for ruining ourselves and destroying every thing
else.”
Clichés, one might say, but no less
true for that. The astonishing wealth of the West, more widely
distributed than in any other civilization, the abandonment of religion
as the foundation of morals and virtues, the transformation of political
freedom into self-centered license, and the commodification of hedonism
that makes available to everyman luxuries and behaviors once reserved
for a tiny elite, have made self-indulgence and the present more
important than self-sacrifice and the future. Declining birthrates, a
preference for spending on social welfare transfers rather than on
defense, and a willingness to beggar our children and grandchildren with
debt in order to finance these entitlements– all bespeak a people whose
wealth deludes them into thinking that they can imprudently ignore the
future and indefinitely afford these luxuries that in fact insidiously
weaken the foundations of our social and political order. This process
is more advanced in Europe than in the U.S., but we in America have been
steadily moving towards the same mentality.
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